Municipality of Mateare, Managua, Urban and Rural Sectors
The municipality of Mateare belongs to the department of Managua and is located 25 kilometers from the capital, with an area of 297.4 square kilometers. Its boundaries are the following:
On the north: Lake Managua.
On the south: Municipality of Villa El Carmen.
On the east: Municipalities of Managua and Ciudad Sandino.
On the west: Municipality of Nagarote.
Mateare has a population of 26,379 inhabitants (projection based on the national census of 1995).
The climate of the municipality is hot, and can be characterized as tropical savannah, with a definite dry season of 4 to 6 months duration, confined principally between the months of November and April each year. The average temperature is between 28 and 28.5 Celsius in the cooler months. The precipitation varies between 1,000 and 1,200milimeters annually and has an altitude of 50 meters above sea level
The south basin of the municipality is mountainous, and is part of the Marrabios mountain range. The northern section is occupied by Lake Xolotlan of Managua. The municipality has two lagoons: Xiloa and Apoyeque or Chiltepe.
The most relevant problems of Mateare are the the poor soil, the contaminations of the water caused by its nearness to Lake Managua and the high level of unemployment (60%). This last problem has been the principle cause of the indiscriminate cutting of trees on the part of the population in order to survive in the midst of this poverty by selling fire wood for cooking purposes.
Municipality of Belen, Rivas and Its Rural Population
The Municipality of Belen is located in the southern part of Nicaragua, and is within the Department of Rivas which is 102 kilometers from Managua and 11 kilometers from Rivas, located on the Pan-American Highway, with the following boundaries:
On the north: Municipality of Nandaime.
On the south: Municipality of Rivas.
On the east: Municipality of Potosi. On the west: Municipality of Tola.
The population is composed of 17,086 inhabitants who live in an area covering of 286 square kilometers. Belen is composed of 28 communities, dispersed in the whole municipality some with more facility for access because it is located near the municipal center and others with difficult access because of distance, poor roads and difficulties of transport.
Fifty-one percent of the population is male and 49% is female. Of 100% of the population, 59% live in the rural area. Also, 45% of the population is between 0 – 14 years of age. This provides great potential for human growth and development. Forty-eight percent are between the ages of 15 – 59 and 7% accounts for the rest of the population.
There are 25% of the people who are unable to read and write, and 6% of the children who quit school is reflected in the rural schools which is due to the fact that the parents pull their children out of school in the distinct times of the year. Migration to Costa Rica and other alternatives for employment require that the children be utilized to work in order to support the home.
Municipality of Ciudad Sandino, Department of Managua.
Ciudad Sandino was constituted as a barrio of the municipality of Managua in 1969 and was elevated to the level of a municipality on January 11, 2000 by Law 329. It has a territorial expanse of 51.11 square kilometers. It has the following boundaries:
On the north: Municipality of Mateare
On the south: Municipality of Managua
On the east: Lake Xolotlan
On the west: Municipality of Mateare and Villa Carlos Fonseca.
It is located 12.5 kilometers from the capital. It is organized administratively into 34 administrative units in the urban area between zones, neighborhoods, settlements and residences and 4 regions in the rural area.
Ciudad Sandino is characterized by its highly concentrated population, the majority of which are youth without opportunities for work. According to the last census in 2005, the municipal government reported a population of 75,083 inhabitants, of which 38,853 are women and 36,230 are men. In 2006 the municipality showed indications of growth in poverty and with a tendency each tome greater, toward extreme poverty. In a significant percentage of families, the women assume the position of head of the household and in general, the infant population suffers from malnutrition and deficient nourishment.
According to a recent diagnosis completed by the project, FORIJU which was financed by the European Union (PROMAPER) and Terra Nuova, a little more than half of the families (54%) are without the presence of a father and a mother. 18.9% are one-parent families and 25.3% are extended families, which is to say, with the presence of other relatives – aunts, uncles, grandparents. Nevertheless, according to the reports of the Technical Coordinator of MEDC, 60& of these homes are managed by single mothers. The academic level that predominates is the primary (62%), followed by secondary (50%), with the latter having the predominance of non-completion. The major part of the population works in the capital or in the free zones that are in the area, as domestics, workers and shop keepers with an average salary of between $80.00 and $20.00 monthly.
Neighborhood Jorge Dimitrov in the City of Managua
Located in the fourth district of the capital, is a social conglomeration formed with the characteristics of a human settlement, without trees and very dirty. It has a territorial area of 46 blocks including green areas. The population is made up of a low level of schools and lacks social, economic and productive space. Its population is composed of 15,275 in habitants of which 52.65% are women and 47.34% are men. Those under the age of 15 years compose 41% of the population and 22% are between 6 and 14 years of age.
The adolescents and youth of the area do not have the opportunity of exercising fully and effectively their rights to an education, health, dwelling, culture, recreation among other human rights. According to the census undertaken by the Center Holy Child in 2006, 25% of the population is adolescents and 10% of the population over 20 years of age is addicted to drugs, with 10% of the population addicted to alcohol and around 250 adolescents and youth participating in gangs. The same census and the local police confirm that within the area there are 34 sites for the sale of drugs.
Some of the problems felt more strongly are expressed by the population of adolescents, youth and representatives of institutions are:
The overcrowding of homes.
The dirt and garbage in the streets and the deterioration of the environment.
The violence within families.
The lack of access to possibilities for employment.
The limitations experienced by adolescents and youth to enter and stay in the educational
system.
Community of San Judas
This area is located in the third district of the city of Managua, with a population of approximately 30,000 inhabitants, the majority of which are youth and of these, the majority being women and girls.
There is a health center here which attends the population in general but also tries to give special attention to adolescents and youth in the areas of sexual and reproductive health.
There has been work within some sectors of the area, called settlements, which are more vulnerable. In spite of having the use of potable water, it only arrives every eight days. Tubes to carry away the waste water do not exist and the people have made small ditches to carry the used water from their daily needs from the house to the street. This causes a great deal of humidity and added to this, brings mosquitoes which in turn cause sickness, especially for those most vulnerable, the children.
Since this situation exists in the area, the people have seen the importance of protecting and caring for the environment by sweeping the streets, placing garbage in its proper place, planting trees and creating water ditches which go from the house to the street so that the mosquitoes do not breed and accumulate in the water.
Municipality of Mateare, Managua, Urban and Rural Sectors
Municipality of Belen, Rivas and Its Rural Population 
Municipality of Ciudad Sandino, Department of Managua.
Neighborhood Jorge Dimitrov in the City of Managua